ESE Insights

The discount rate used for project selection varies widely between developed and developing countries, and international institutions from 3% to 15%. The environmental, social and environmental benefits of transformative infrastructure projects are often not comprehensively captured.

carbon emissions in the 44 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Group of Twenty (G20) countries were priced at EUR 30 per tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2), the minimum price level to start triggering meaningful abatement efforts. An increase in effective carbon rates by EUR 10 per tonne CO2 is estimated to reduce emissions by 7.3% on average over time.