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This report indicates that although privatization, competitive restructuring, and regulatory reforms improve infrastructure performance, several issues must be considered and conditions met for these measures to achieve their public interest goals.
The International Labour Organization (ILO) has promoted employment-intensive public and community works programmes as a major means of job creation and poverty alleviation in developing countries.
The Town Planning Scheme (TPS) makes land available for urbanisation by pooling and readjusting lands and appropriating areas for public purposes through negotiations between the local planning authority and landowners. Ahmedabad City in Gujarat state, through the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC), has undertaken urban expansion using the Danilimda TPS to integrate land use planning and service provision.
Hyderabad's growing population and road congestion resulted in the Government of Andhra Pradesh pursuing Hyderabad Metro Rail which, in its first phase, is a 72 km network covering three high-density traffic corridors.
The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) project aims to increase passenger transport capacity of the public transport system, reduce air pollution, and by extension improve Jakarta’s investment climate by delivering a system that accommodates short-distance transport in Central Jakarta.
The toll road section of Jakarta-Bogor-Ciawi in Indonesia is approximately 50 km long and was opened in 1978. It is owned and managed by PT Jasa Marga, a state-owned enterprise responsible for managing many of Indonesia’s toll roads. PT Jasa Marga experienced difficulty accessing private financing for new toll road projects due to the long-term nature of returns, the high delivery risk, the high demand and usage risk, and a historic preference among institutional investors in Indonesia for short-term investments.
Ahmedabad Urban Development (AUDA) proposed an innovative approach to help cut down the park maintenance costs using a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model. AUDA collaborated with Anand Milk Federation Union Limited (AMUL), one of India’s largest dairy cooperatives, to maintain the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) public gardens in return for being given the rights to establish and operate a retail store in these public gardens.