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This paper examines investments - in the form of equity or debt in direct investments to infrastructure. The reason for focusing on direct investment is twofold. First, the overall analysis of debt and equity capital markets for infrastructure exceeds the scope of this study and involves instruments that trade on regulated stock and bond markets. Second, the analysis of direct investments by private investors in listed infrastructure enables us to focus more on the risk analysis process that these investors typically perform when approaching an investment.
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This paper expands upon existing literature by proposing a wider definition of what constitutes green infrastructure. We then develop a holistic cost model by defining and quantifying the investment categories that should be considered part of green infrastructure.
The Infrastructure Finance in the Developing World Working Paper Series is a joint research effort by the Global Green Growth Institute and the G-24 that explores the challenges and opportunities for scaling up infrastructure finance in emerging markets and developing countries.
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This strategy will support and inform the planning applications that will set out the long term vision for the development of sustainable communities within Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park.
RAND researchers used a six-step scenario development process to develop two thought-provoking scenarios that address the future of mobility in the US in 2030. Three driving forces caused one path to emerge over another: (1) the price of oil, (2) the development of environmental regulation, and (3) the amount of highway revenues and expenditures.
What might one expect for the future of mobility in China in 2030? Mobility is defined as the ability to travel from one location to another, regardless of mode or purpose. RAND researchers used a six-step scenario development process to develop two thought-provoking scenarios that address this question.
India’s project preparation framework is steered by its line ministries and sub-national governments, who are adopting a streamlined and systematic approach to project development. The capacity of public institutions to plan, prepare and deliver infrastructure projects is central to effective infrastructure development.
Although Indonesia’s PPP regulations date back to 2005, initially the number of actual project transactions between the government and private sector was very limited. The private sector’s interest in Indonesian projects was constrained by three main factors; the low quality of project preparation, low financial feasibility of projects (particularly those related to the determination of tariffs) and uncertainty related to the political risk of projects.
Communication throughout infrastructure project preparation should be recognised as a strategic activity. It should factor in the importance of all key stakeholder groups towards the project, tailor communicative actions to engage and inform them and foster a supportive environment.
Most infrastructure investment plans and government policies rely on the delivery of projects and programs. To achieve these and unlock the real benefits of infrastructure, it is vital that projects and programs are delivered well.
Well-planned and prioritised infrastructure investment improves productivity, engenders competitiveness and contributes to long-term sustainable economic growth. Nevertheless, the extent of realising these benefits from infrastructure investment varies considerably across sectors, by regions and by level of regulatory and institutional maturity.
Inadequate financing for project preparation can result in projects being taken to procurement without the requisite readiness, which can lead to cost and time overruns during implementation, or a project that is not well-suited to the needs of the public.
This PPIAF-funded report aims to discuss and disseminate information on how Islamic finance has been applied in infrastructure projects through PPP schemes, what the structural challenges and solutions are, and what can be done to deepen and maximise the use of Islamic finance for this purpose.
Globally, governments are accountable for the development of infrastructure and the delivery of basic services in an affordable and inclusive manner. The ability of governments to nurture a conducive enabling environment for infrastructure investment has often been found to be a key differentiator between countries that successfully scale up infrastructure and those that face challenges in doing so.
The Infrastructure Knowledge Exchange (IKE) is Global infrastructure Hubs' (GI Hub) database of categorised infrastructure resources. The tool has been created to help Infrastructure professionals globally, to easily find resources that pertain to infrastructure tools, data, publications, organisations, reports and, news.
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The term of a public-private partnership (PPP) contract can exceed 20 or even 30 years. At the end of the term, the relevant private partner is often obligated to hand back the public asset in question (whether it be a road, an airport or a hospital) in a condition that meets the government procuring authority’s expectations.
How can governments deliver quality infrastructure outcomes?
The circular economy is now core policy for a growing number of countries with leadership from Finland, the European Union and Canada, but it is also taking a strong hold in Asia as Japan and China implement circular economic policies to transition them to a sustainable inclusive future.
Contractual disagreements and disputes are common in PPPs during both construction and operational periods.
Private partner profit motives are frequently cited as a failure of the public-private partnership (PPP) approach. But those profit motives are also part of the fundamental make up of the PPP approach and why it has the potential to deliver better outcomes for the public.
